From 8e37307ff5ab1b18a05c94b9cf1d81167ee7357b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: tmj-fstate <dyvach@yahoo.com>
Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2017 22:31:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] minor diagnostics enhancements and null pointer
 safeguards

---
 DynObj.cpp   | 20 ++++++++++++--------
 Model3d.cpp  |  2 +-
 parser.cpp   |  9 +++++++--
 renderer.cpp |  6 ++++--
 4 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/DynObj.cpp b/DynObj.cpp
index 0e6742f1..7dd448f4 100644
--- a/DynObj.cpp
+++ b/DynObj.cpp
@@ -539,11 +539,10 @@ TDynamicObject::toggle_lights() {
         SectionLightsActive = false;
     }
     else {
-        std::string compartmentname;
         // set lights with probability depending on the compartment type. TODO: expose this in .mmd file
         for( auto &sectionlight : SectionLightLevels ) {
 
-            compartmentname = sectionlight.compartment->pName;
+            std::string const &compartmentname = sectionlight.compartment->pName;
             if( ( compartmentname.find( "corridor" ) != std::string::npos )
              || ( compartmentname.find( "korytarz" ) != std::string::npos ) ) {
                 // corridors are lit 100% of time
@@ -584,8 +583,9 @@ void TDynamicObject::ABuLittleUpdate(double ObjSqrDist)
                     pAnimations[i].yUpdate(pAnimations +
                                            i); // aktualizacja animacji (położenia submodeli
 */
-        if( ObjSqrDist < 2500 ) // gdy bliżej niż 50m
-        {
+        if( ( mdModel != nullptr )
+         && ( ObjSqrDist < 2500 ) ) {
+            // gdy bliżej niż 50m
             // ABu290105: rzucanie pudlem
             // te animacje wymagają bananów w modelach!
             mdModel->GetSMRoot()->SetTranslate(modelShake);
@@ -4033,12 +4033,17 @@ void TDynamicObject::LoadMMediaFile(std::string BaseDir, std::string TypeName,
     bool Stop_InternalData = false;
     pants = NULL; // wskaźnik pierwszego obiektu animującego dla pantografów
 	cParser parser( TypeName + ".mmd", cParser::buffer_FILE, BaseDir );
+    if( false == parser.ok() ) {
+        ErrorLog( "Failed to load appearance data for vehicle " + MoverParameters->Name );
+        return;
+    }
 	std::string token;
     do {
 		token = "";
 		parser.getTokens(); parser >> token;
 
-		if( token == "models:") {
+		if( ( token == "models:" )
+         || ( token == "models:" ) ) { // crude way to handle utf8 bom potentially appearing before the first token
 			// modele i podmodele
             m_materialdata.multi_textures = 0; // czy jest wiele tekstur wymiennych?
 			parser.getTokens();
@@ -5024,13 +5029,12 @@ void TDynamicObject::LoadMMediaFile(std::string BaseDir, std::string TypeName,
     }
 
     if (mdModel)
-        mdModel->Init(); // obrócenie modelu oraz optymalizacja, również zapisanie
-    // binarnego
+        mdModel->Init(); // obrócenie modelu oraz optymalizacja, również zapisanie binarnego
     if (mdLoad)
         mdLoad->Init();
     if (mdLowPolyInt)
         mdLowPolyInt->Init();
-    // sHorn2.CopyIfEmpty(sHorn1); ///żeby jednak trąbił też drugim
+
     Global::asCurrentTexturePath = szTexturePath; // kiedyś uproszczone wnętrze mieszało tekstury nieba
 }
 
diff --git a/Model3d.cpp b/Model3d.cpp
index 1974ba5c..a439772f 100644
--- a/Model3d.cpp
+++ b/Model3d.cpp
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
 							--facecount; // o jeden trójkąt mniej
 							iNumVerts -= 3; // czyli o 3 wierzchołki
 							i -= 3; // wczytanie kolejnego w to miejsce
-							WriteLog("Degenerated triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\", vertice " + std::to_string(i));
+							WriteLog("Degenerated triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\", vertices " + std::to_string(i) + "-" + std::to_string(i+2));
 						}
 						if (i > 0) {
                             // jeśli pierwszy trójkąt będzie zdegenerowany, to zostanie usunięty i nie ma co sprawdzać
diff --git a/parser.cpp b/parser.cpp
index b6b27dfd..68355475 100644
--- a/parser.cpp
+++ b/parser.cpp
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@ cParser::cParser( std::string const &Stream, buffertype const Type, std::string
     // calculate stream size
     if (mStream)
     {
-        mSize = mStream->rdbuf()->pubseekoff(0, std::ios_base::end);
-        mStream->rdbuf()->pubseekoff(0, std::ios_base::beg);
+        if( true == mStream->fail() ) {
+            ErrorLog( "Failed to open file \"" + Path + "\"" );
+        }
+        else {
+            mSize = mStream->rdbuf()->pubseekoff( 0, std::ios_base::end );
+            mStream->rdbuf()->pubseekoff( 0, std::ios_base::beg );
+        }
     }
     else
         mSize = 0;
diff --git a/renderer.cpp b/renderer.cpp
index bc380ecb..ddf75e44 100644
--- a/renderer.cpp
+++ b/renderer.cpp
@@ -656,7 +656,8 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         }
     }
 
-    Render( Dynamic->mdModel, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
+    if( Dynamic->mdModel )
+        Render( Dynamic->mdModel, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
 
     if( Dynamic->mdLoad ) // renderowanie nieprzezroczystego ładunku
         Render( Dynamic->mdLoad, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
@@ -1101,7 +1102,8 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         }
     }
 
-    Render_Alpha( Dynamic->mdModel, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
+    if( Dynamic->mdModel )
+        Render_Alpha( Dynamic->mdModel, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
 
     if( Dynamic->mdLoad ) // renderowanie nieprzezroczystego ładunku
         Render_Alpha( Dynamic->mdLoad, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );

From 49aad8559734b70a6883083718384d95ac2d9c90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: tmj-fstate <dyvach@yahoo.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jun 2017 21:02:54 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] build 170628. enabled support for specular component in
 lighting calculations

---
 Globals.cpp    | 21 +++++--------
 Globals.h      |  5 +--
 Ground.cpp     |  2 +-
 Model3d.cpp    | 76 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 Model3d.h      |  1 +
 World.cpp      | 19 ++++++------
 color.h        | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 lightarray.cpp |  4 +--
 lightarray.h   |  2 +-
 moon.cpp       | 14 +++------
 moon.h         |  7 ++---
 renderer.cpp   | 83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 renderer.h     | 53 +++++++++++++++-----------------
 sky.cpp        |  4 +--
 sky.h          |  3 +-
 skydome.cpp    | 39 ++++++++++++------------
 skydome.h      | 17 +++++------
 sun.cpp        | 14 +++------
 sun.h          |  7 ++---
 version.h      |  2 +-
 20 files changed, 249 insertions(+), 198 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Globals.cpp b/Globals.cpp
index 7dddc20f..6401aa1e 100644
--- a/Globals.cpp
+++ b/Globals.cpp
@@ -82,13 +82,10 @@ GLfloat Global::AtmoColor[] = {0.423f, 0.702f, 1.0f};
 GLfloat Global::FogColor[] = {0.6f, 0.7f, 0.8f};
 double Global::fFogStart = 1700;
 double Global::fFogEnd = 2000;
-float Global::Overcast{ 0.1f }; // NOTE: all this weather stuff should be moved elsewhere
+float Global::Overcast { 0.1f }; // NOTE: all this weather stuff should be moved elsewhere
 opengl_light Global::DayLight;
-int Global::DynamicLightCount{ 3 };
-GLfloat Global::whiteLight[] = {1.00f, 1.00f, 1.00f, 1.0f};
-GLfloat Global::noLight[] = {0.00f, 0.00f, 0.00f, 1.0f};
-GLfloat Global::darkLight[] = {0.03f, 0.03f, 0.03f, 1.0f}; //śladowe
-GLfloat Global::lightPos[4];
+int Global::DynamicLightCount { 3 };
+bool Global::ScaleSpecularValues { true };
 bool Global::bRollFix = true; // czy wykonać przeliczanie przechyłki
 bool Global::bJoinEvents = false; // czy grupować eventy o tych samych nazwach
 int Global::iHiddenEvents = 1; // czy łączyć eventy z torami poprzez nazwę toru
@@ -224,13 +221,6 @@ std::string Global::GetNextSymbol()
 
 void Global::LoadIniFile(std::string asFileName)
 {
-/*
-    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
-    { // zerowanie pozycji kamer
-        pFreeCameraInit[i] = vector3(0, 0, 0); // współrzędne w scenerii
-        pFreeCameraInitAngle[i] = vector3(0, 0, 0); // kąty obrotu w radianach
-    }
-*/
     FreeCameraInit.resize( 10 );
     FreeCameraInitAngle.resize( 10 );
     cParser parser(asFileName, cParser::buffer_FILE);
@@ -543,6 +533,11 @@ void Global::ConfigParse(cParser &Parser)
             // max 8 lights per opengl specs, minus one used for sun. at least one light for controlled vehicle
             Global::DynamicLightCount = clamp( Global::DynamicLightCount, 1, 7 ); 
         }
+        else if( token == "scalespeculars" ) {
+            // whether strength of specular highlights should be adjusted (generally needed for legacy 3d models)
+            Parser.getTokens();
+            Parser >> Global::ScaleSpecularValues;
+        }
         else if (token == "smoothtraction")
         {
             // podwójna jasność ambient
diff --git a/Globals.h b/Globals.h
index 9e0cf512..b4bc804c 100644
--- a/Globals.h
+++ b/Globals.h
@@ -225,11 +225,8 @@ class Global
     // TODO: put these things in the renderer
     static opengl_light DayLight;
     static int DynamicLightCount;
+    static bool ScaleSpecularValues;
 
-    static GLfloat whiteLight[];
-    static GLfloat noLight[];
-    static GLfloat darkLight[];
-    static GLfloat lightPos[4];
     static int iSlowMotion;
     static TDynamicObject *changeDynObj;
     static double ABuDebug;
diff --git a/Ground.cpp b/Ground.cpp
index 4f37e50b..a131644e 100644
--- a/Ground.cpp
+++ b/Ground.cpp
@@ -1937,7 +1937,7 @@ bool TGround::Init(std::string File)
                 >> Global::DayLight.direction.x
                 >> Global::DayLight.direction.y
                 >> Global::DayLight.direction.z;;
-            Global::DayLight.direction.Normalize();
+            Global::DayLight.direction = glm::normalize( Global::DayLight.direction );
             parser.getTokens(9, false);
 
             do {
diff --git a/Model3d.cpp b/Model3d.cpp
index a439772f..7c803815 100644
--- a/Model3d.cpp
+++ b/Model3d.cpp
@@ -240,8 +240,13 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
     if (eType < TP_ROTATOR)
         readColor(parser, f4Ambient); // ignoruje token przed
     readColor(parser, f4Diffuse);
-    if (eType < TP_ROTATOR)
-        readColor(parser, f4Specular);
+    if( eType < TP_ROTATOR ) {
+        readColor( parser, f4Specular );
+        if( pName == "cien" ) {
+            // crude workaround to kill specular on shadow geometry of legacy models
+            f4Specular = glm::vec4{ 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
+        }
+    }
     parser.ignoreTokens(1); // zignorowanie nazwy "SelfIllum:"
     {
         std::string light = parser.getToken<std::string>();
@@ -367,6 +372,10 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
 	readMatrix(parser, *fMatrix); // wczytanie transform
 	if (!fMatrix->IdentityIs())
 		iFlags |= 0x8000; // transform niejedynkowy - trzeba go przechować
+    if( std::abs( Det( *fMatrix ) - 1.0f ) > 0.01f ) {
+        ErrorLog( "Bad model: transformation matrix for sub-model \"" + pName + "\" imposes geometry scaling (factor: " + to_string( Det( *fMatrix ), 2 ) + ")" );
+        m_normalizenormals = true;
+    }
 	if (eType < TP_ROTATOR)
 	{ // wczytywanie wierzchołków
 		parser.getTokens(2, false);
@@ -446,7 +455,7 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
 							--facecount; // o jeden trójkąt mniej
 							iNumVerts -= 3; // czyli o 3 wierzchołki
 							i -= 3; // wczytanie kolejnego w to miejsce
-							WriteLog("Degenerated triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\", vertices " + std::to_string(i) + "-" + std::to_string(i+2));
+							WriteLog("Bad model: degenerated triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\", vertices " + std::to_string(i) + "-" + std::to_string(i+2));
 						}
 						if (i > 0) {
                             // jeśli pierwszy trójkąt będzie zdegenerowany, to zostanie usunięty i nie ma co sprawdzać
@@ -458,7 +467,7 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
 								--facecount; // o jeden trójkąt mniej
 								iNumVerts -= 3; // czyli o 3 wierzchołki
 								i -= 3; // wczytanie kolejnego w to miejsce
-								WriteLog( "Too large triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\"" );
+								WriteLog( "Bad model: too large triangle ignored in: \"" + pName + "\"" );
 							}
                         }
 					}
@@ -474,7 +483,7 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
                             Vertices[ i * 3 ].position - Vertices[ i * 3 + 1 ].position,
                             Vertices[ i * 3 ].position - Vertices[ i * 3 + 2 ].position );
                     facenormals.emplace_back(
-                        glm::length( facenormal ) > 0.0f ?
+                        glm::length2( facenormal ) > 0.0f ?
                             glm::normalize( facenormal ) :
                             glm::vec3() );
                 }
@@ -492,16 +501,24 @@ int TSubModel::Load( cParser &parser, TModel3d *Model, /*int Pos,*/ bool dynamic
 						auto adjacenvertextidx = vertexidx; // zaczynamy dodawanie wektorów normalnych od własnego
 						while (adjacenvertextidx >= 0) {
                             // sumowanie z wektorem normalnym sąsiada (włącznie ze sobą)
-							wsp[adjacenvertextidx] = vertexidx; // informacja, że w tym wierzchołku jest już policzony wektor normalny
-							vertexnormal += facenormals[adjacenvertextidx / 3];
+                            if( glm::dot( vertexnormal, facenormals[ adjacenvertextidx / 3 ] ) > -0.99f ) {
+                                wsp[ adjacenvertextidx ] = vertexidx; // informacja, że w tym wierzchołku jest już policzony wektor normalny
+                                vertexnormal += facenormals[ adjacenvertextidx / 3 ];
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                ErrorLog( "Bad model: opposite normals in the same smoothing group, check sub-model \"" + pName + "\" for two-sided faces and/or scaling" );
+                            }
                             // i szukanie od kolejnego trójkąta
 							adjacenvertextidx = SeekFaceNormal(sg, adjacenvertextidx / 3 + 1, sg[faceidx], Vertices[vertexidx].position, Vertices);
-						}
+                        }
 						// Ra 15-01: należało by jeszcze uwzględnić skalowanie wprowadzane przez transformy, aby normalne po przeskalowaniu były jednostkowe
+                        if( glm::length2( vertexnormal ) == 0.0f ) {
+                            WriteLog( "Bad model: zero lenght normal vector generated for sub-model \"" + pName + "\"" );
+                        }
                         Vertices[ vertexidx ].normal = (
-                            glm::length( vertexnormal ) > 0.0f ?
+                            glm::length2( vertexnormal ) > 0.0f ?
                                 glm::normalize( vertexnormal ) :
-                                glm::vec3() ); // przepisanie do wierzchołka trójkąta
+                                facenormals[ vertexidx / 3 ] ); // przepisanie do wierzchołka trójkąta
 					}
 				}
                 Vertices.resize( iNumVerts ); // in case we had some degenerate triangles along the way
@@ -1516,6 +1533,15 @@ void TModel3d::deserialize(std::istream &s, size_t size, bool dynamic)
                 iNumVerts += submodel.iNumVerts;
                 for( auto &vertex : vertices ) {
                     vertex.deserialize( s );
+                    if( submodel.eType < TP_ROTATOR ) {
+                        // normal vectors debug routine
+                        auto normallength = glm::length2( vertex.normal );
+                        if( ( false == submodel.m_normalizenormals )
+                         && ( std::abs( normallength - 1.0f ) > 0.01f ) ) {
+                            submodel.m_normalizenormals = true;
+                            WriteLog( "Bad model: non-unit normal vector(s) encountered during sub-model geometry deserialization" );
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 // remap geometry type for custom type submodels
                 int type;
@@ -1599,6 +1625,7 @@ void TSubModel::BinInit(TSubModel *s, float4x4 *m, std::vector<std::string> *t,
 	Child = (iChild > 0) ? s + iChild : nullptr; // zerowy nie może być potomnym
 	Next = (iNext > 0) ? s + iNext : nullptr; // zerowy nie może być następnym
 	fMatrix = ((iMatrix >= 0) && m) ? m + iMatrix : nullptr;
+
 	if (n->size() && (iName >= 0))
 	{
 		pName = n->at(iName);
@@ -1612,12 +1639,16 @@ void TSubModel::BinInit(TSubModel *s, float4x4 *m, std::vector<std::string> *t,
 			// obiektem "Light_Off"
 			else if (dynamic)
 			{ // inaczej wyłączało smugę w latarniach
-				if ((pName.size() >= 3) && (pName.substr(pName.size() - 3, 3) == "_on"))
-				{ // jeśli jest kontrolką w stanie zapalonym
-					iVisible = 0; // to domyślnie wyłączyć, żeby się nie nakładało z
+				if ((pName.size() >= 3) && (pName.substr(pName.size() - 3, 3) == "_on")) {
+                    // jeśli jest kontrolką w stanie zapalonym to domyślnie wyłączyć,
+                    // żeby się nie nakładało z obiektem "_off"
+					iVisible = 0;
 				}
 			}
-			// obiektem "_off"
+            // hack: reset specular light value for shadow submodels
+            if( pName == "cien" ) {
+                f4Specular = glm::vec4 { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
+            }
 		}
 	}
 	else
@@ -1654,11 +1685,22 @@ void TSubModel::BinInit(TSubModel *s, float4x4 *m, std::vector<std::string> *t,
     if( fCosHotspotAngle > 1.0f ) {
         fCosHotspotAngle = std::cos( DegToRad( 0.5f * fCosHotspotAngle ) );
     }
+    // cap specular values for legacy models
+    f4Specular = glm::vec4{
+        clamp( f4Specular.r, 0.0f, 1.0f ),
+        clamp( f4Specular.g, 0.0f, 1.0f ),
+        clamp( f4Specular.b, 0.0f, 1.0f ),
+        clamp( f4Specular.a, 0.0f, 1.0f ) };
 
 	iFlags &= ~0x0200; // wczytano z pliku binarnego (nie jest właścicielem tablic)
-/*
-	iVboPtr = tVboPtr;
-*/
+
+    if( ( fMatrix != nullptr )
+     && ( std::abs( Det( *fMatrix ) - 1.0f ) > 0.01f ) ) {
+        // check whether we need to enable normal vectors normalization for this submodel
+        ErrorLog( "Bad model: transformation matrix for sub-model \"" + pName + "\" imposes geometry scaling (factor: " + to_string( Det( *fMatrix ), 2 ) + ")" );
+        m_normalizenormals = true;
+    }
+
 };
 
 void TModel3d::LoadFromBinFile(std::string const &FileName, bool dynamic)
diff --git a/Model3d.h b/Model3d.h
index 3c74b353..b47d1dce 100644
--- a/Model3d.h
+++ b/Model3d.h
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ private:
         f4Diffuse { 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f },
         f4Specular { 0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f },
         f4Emision { 1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f };
+    bool m_normalizenormals { false }; // indicates vectors need to be normalized due to scaling etc
     float fWireSize { 0.0f }; // nie używane, ale wczytywane
     float fSquareMaxDist { 10000.0f * 10000.0f };
     float fSquareMinDist { 0.0f };
diff --git a/World.cpp b/World.cpp
index f6e53a81..cf94dcee 100644
--- a/World.cpp
+++ b/World.cpp
@@ -2277,34 +2277,34 @@ world_environment::update() {
     auto const moonlightlevel = m_moon.getIntensity() * 0.65f; // scaled down by arbitrary factor, it's pretty bright otherwise
     float keylightintensity;
     float twilightfactor;
-    float3 keylightcolor;
+    glm::vec3 keylightcolor;
     if( moonlightlevel > sunlightlevel ) {
         // rare situations when the moon is brighter than the sun, typically at night
         Global::SunAngle = m_moon.getAngle();
         Global::DayLight.set_position( m_moon.getPosition() );
-        Global::DayLight.direction = -1.0 * m_moon.getDirection();
+        Global::DayLight.direction = -1.0f * m_moon.getDirection();
         keylightintensity = moonlightlevel;
         // if the moon is up, it overrides the twilight
         twilightfactor = 0.0f;
-        keylightcolor = float3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 202.0f / 255.0f );
+        keylightcolor = glm::vec3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 202.0f / 255.0f );
     }
     else {
         // regular situation with sun as the key light
         Global::SunAngle = m_sun.getAngle();
         Global::DayLight.set_position( m_sun.getPosition() );
-        Global::DayLight.direction = -1.0 * m_sun.getDirection();
+        Global::DayLight.direction = -1.0f * m_sun.getDirection();
         keylightintensity = sunlightlevel;
         // diffuse (sun) intensity goes down after twilight, and reaches minimum 18 degrees below horizon
         twilightfactor = clamp( -Global::SunAngle, 0.0f, 18.0f ) / 18.0f;
         float const duskfactor = 1.0f - clamp( Global::SunAngle, 0.0f, 18.0f ) / 18.0f;
         keylightcolor = interpolate(
-            float3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f ),
-            float3( 235.0f / 255.0f, 140.0f / 255.0f, 36.0f / 255.0f ),
+            glm::vec3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f ),
+            glm::vec3( 235.0f / 255.0f, 140.0f / 255.0f, 36.0f / 255.0f ),
             duskfactor );
     }
     // ...update skydome to match the current sun position as well...
     m_skydome.SetOvercastFactor( Global::Overcast );
-    m_skydome.Update( m_sun.getPosition() );
+    m_skydome.Update( m_sun.getDirection() );
     // ...retrieve current sky colour and brightness...
     auto const skydomecolour = m_skydome.GetAverageColor();
     auto const skydomehsv = RGBtoHSV( skydomecolour );
@@ -2319,9 +2319,8 @@ world_environment::update() {
     auto const diffuselevel = interpolate( keylightintensity, intensity * ( 1.0f - twilightfactor ), 1.0f - Global::Overcast * 0.75f );
     // ...update light colours and intensity.
     keylightcolor = keylightcolor * diffuselevel;
-    Global::DayLight.diffuse[ 0 ] = keylightcolor.x;
-    Global::DayLight.diffuse[ 1 ] = keylightcolor.y;
-    Global::DayLight.diffuse[ 2 ] = keylightcolor.z;
+    Global::DayLight.diffuse = glm::vec4( keylightcolor, Global::DayLight.diffuse.a );
+    Global::DayLight.specular = glm::vec4( keylightcolor * 0.85f, diffuselevel );
 
     // tonal impact of skydome color is inversely proportional to how high the sun is above the horizon
     // (this is pure conjecture, aimed more to 'look right' than be accurate)
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index ed334551..998331a9 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -3,28 +3,28 @@
 #include "float3d.h"
 
 inline
-float3
-XYZtoRGB( float3 const &XYZ ) {
+glm::vec3
+XYZtoRGB( glm::vec3 const &XYZ ) {
 
     // M^-1 for Adobe RGB from http://www.brucelindbloom.com/Eqn_RGB_XYZ_Matrix.html
     float const mi[ 3 ][ 3 ] = { 2.041369f, -0.969266f, 0.0134474f, -0.5649464f, 1.8760108f, -0.1183897f, -0.3446944f, 0.041556f, 1.0154096f };
     // m^-1 for sRGB:
 //    float const mi[ 3 ][ 3 ] = { 3.240479f, -0.969256f, 0.055648f, -1.53715f, 1.875991f, -0.204043f, -0.49853f, 0.041556f, 1.057311f };
 
-    return float3{
+    return glm::vec3{
         XYZ.x*mi[ 0 ][ 0 ] + XYZ.y*mi[ 1 ][ 0 ] + XYZ.z*mi[ 2 ][ 0 ],
         XYZ.x*mi[ 0 ][ 1 ] + XYZ.y*mi[ 1 ][ 1 ] + XYZ.z*mi[ 2 ][ 1 ],
         XYZ.x*mi[ 0 ][ 2 ] + XYZ.y*mi[ 1 ][ 2 ] + XYZ.z*mi[ 2 ][ 2 ] };
 }
 
 inline
-float3
-RGBtoHSV( float3 const &RGB ) {
+glm::vec3
+RGBtoHSV( glm::vec3 const &RGB ) {
 
-    float3 hsv;
+    glm::vec3 hsv;
 
-    float const max = std::max( std::max( RGB.x, RGB.y ), RGB.z );
-    float const min = std::min( std::min( RGB.x, RGB.y ), RGB.z );
+    float const max = std::max( std::max( RGB.r, RGB.g ), RGB.b );
+    float const min = std::min( std::min( RGB.r, RGB.g ), RGB.b );
     float const delta = max - min;
 
     hsv.z = max;                                // v
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ RGBtoHSV( float3 const &RGB ) {
         hsv.x = NAN;                            // its now undefined
         return hsv;
     }
-    if( RGB.x >= max )                           // > is bogus, just keeps compilor happy
-        hsv.x = ( RGB.y - RGB.z ) / delta;        // between yellow & magenta
+    if( RGB.r >= max )                           // > is bogus, just keeps compilor happy
+        hsv.x = ( RGB.g - RGB.b ) / delta;        // between yellow & magenta
     else
-        if( RGB.y >= max )
-            hsv.x = 2.0 + ( RGB.y - RGB.x ) / delta;  // between cyan & yellow
+        if( RGB.g >= max )
+            hsv.x = 2.0 + ( RGB.g - RGB.r ) / delta;  // between cyan & yellow
         else
-            hsv.x = 4.0 + ( RGB.x - RGB.y ) / delta;  // between magenta & cyan
+            hsv.x = 4.0 + ( RGB.r - RGB.g ) / delta;  // between magenta & cyan
 
     hsv.x *= 60.0;                              // degrees
 
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ RGBtoHSV( float3 const &RGB ) {
 }
 
 inline
-float3
-HSVtoRGB( float3 const &HSV ) {
+glm::vec3
+HSVtoRGB( glm::vec3 const &HSV ) {
 
-    float3 rgb;
+    glm::vec3 rgb;
 
     if( HSV.y <= 0.0 ) {       // < is bogus, just shuts up warnings
-        rgb.x = HSV.z;
-        rgb.y = HSV.z;
-        rgb.z = HSV.z;
+        rgb.r = HSV.z;
+        rgb.g = HSV.z;
+        rgb.b = HSV.z;
         return rgb;
     }
     float hh = HSV.x;
@@ -82,36 +82,36 @@ HSVtoRGB( float3 const &HSV ) {
 
     switch( i ) {
         case 0:
-            rgb.x = HSV.z;
-            rgb.y = t;
-            rgb.z = p;
+            rgb.r = HSV.z;
+            rgb.g = t;
+            rgb.b = p;
             break;
         case 1:
-            rgb.x = q;
-            rgb.y = HSV.z;
-            rgb.z = p;
+            rgb.r = q;
+            rgb.g = HSV.z;
+            rgb.b = p;
             break;
         case 2:
-            rgb.x = p;
-            rgb.y = HSV.z;
-            rgb.z = t;
+            rgb.r = p;
+            rgb.g = HSV.z;
+            rgb.b = t;
             break;
 
         case 3:
-            rgb.x = p;
-            rgb.y = q;
-            rgb.z = HSV.z;
+            rgb.r = p;
+            rgb.g = q;
+            rgb.b = HSV.z;
             break;
         case 4:
-            rgb.x = t;
-            rgb.y = p;
-            rgb.z = HSV.z;
+            rgb.r = t;
+            rgb.g = p;
+            rgb.b = HSV.z;
             break;
         case 5:
         default:
-            rgb.x = HSV.z;
-            rgb.y = p;
-            rgb.z = q;
+            rgb.r = HSV.z;
+            rgb.g = p;
+            rgb.b = q;
             break;
     }
     return rgb;
diff --git a/lightarray.cpp b/lightarray.cpp
index 8a9bc1a3..8a0412a3 100644
--- a/lightarray.cpp
+++ b/lightarray.cpp
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ light_array::update() {
         if( light.index == 0 ) {
             // front light set
             light.position = light.owner->GetPosition() + ( light.owner->VectorFront() * light.owner->GetLength() * 0.4 );
-            light.direction = light.owner->VectorFront();
+            light.direction = glm::make_vec3( light.owner->VectorFront().getArray() );
         }
         else {
             // rear light set
             light.position = light.owner->GetPosition() - ( light.owner->VectorFront() * light.owner->GetLength() * 0.4 );
-            light.direction = light.owner->VectorFront();
+            light.direction = glm::make_vec3( light.owner->VectorFront().getArray() );
             light.direction.x = -light.direction.x;
             light.direction.z = -light.direction.z;
         }
diff --git a/lightarray.h b/lightarray.h
index 34b317d9..91e45ef0 100644
--- a/lightarray.h
+++ b/lightarray.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public:
         TDynamicObject const *owner; // the object in world which 'carries' the light
         int index{ -1 }; // 0: front lights, 1: rear lights
         Math3D::vector3 position; // position of the light in 3d scene
-        Math3D::vector3 direction; // direction of the light in 3d scene
+        glm::vec3 direction; // direction of the light in 3d scene
         float3 color{ 255.0f / 255.0f, 241.0f / 255.0f, 224.0f / 255.0f }; // color of the light, default is halogen light
         float intensity{ 0.0f }; // (combined) intensity of the light(s)
         int count{ 0 }; // number (or pattern) of active light(s)
diff --git a/moon.cpp b/moon.cpp
index a7db52e5..a6566d5e 100644
--- a/moon.cpp
+++ b/moon.cpp
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ void
 cMoon::update() {
 
     move();
-    Math3D::vector3 position( 0.0f, 0.0f, -2000.0f * Global::fDistanceFactor );
-    position.RotateX( (float)(  m_body.elevref * ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
-    position.RotateY( (float)( -m_body.hrang *   ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
+    glm::vec3 position( 0.0f, 0.0f, -2000.0f * Global::fDistanceFactor );
+    position = glm::rotateX( position, (float)(  m_body.elevref * ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
+    position = glm::rotateY( position, (float)( -m_body.hrang *   ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
 
     m_position = position;
 }
@@ -59,14 +59,10 @@ cMoon::render() {
 	glPopMatrix();
 }
 
-Math3D::vector3
+glm::vec3
 cMoon::getDirection() {
 
-	Math3D::vector3 position( 0.f, 0.f, -1.f );
-	position.RotateX( (float)(  m_body.elevref * (M_PI/180.0)) );
-	position.RotateY( (float)( -m_body.hrang *   (M_PI/180.0)) );
-	position.Normalize();
-	return position;
+	return glm::normalize( m_position );
 }
 
 float
diff --git a/moon.h b/moon.h
index baa7030c..c0caaa79 100644
--- a/moon.h
+++ b/moon.h
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "windows.h"
 #include "GL/glew.h"
 #include "GL/wglew.h"
-#include "dumb3d.h"
 
 
 // TODO: sun and moon share code as celestial bodies, we could make a base class out of it
@@ -18,9 +17,9 @@ public:
     void update();
 	void render();
     // returns location of the sun in the 3d scene
-    Math3D::vector3 getPosition() { return m_position; }
+    glm::vec3 getPosition() { return m_position; }
 	// returns vector pointing at the sun
-	Math3D::vector3 getDirection();
+	glm::vec3 getDirection();
 	// returns current elevation above horizon
 	float getAngle() const;
 	// returns current intensity of the sun
@@ -101,6 +100,6 @@ protected:
 
     celestialbody m_body;
     observer m_observer;
-    Math3D::vector3 m_position;
+    glm::vec3 m_position;
     float m_phase;
 };
diff --git a/renderer.cpp b/renderer.cpp
index ddf75e44..04b4c99e 100644
--- a/renderer.cpp
+++ b/renderer.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@ http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 opengl_renderer GfxRenderer;
 extern TWorld World;
 
+namespace colors {
+
+glm::vec4 const none { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
+
+} // namespace colors
+
 // returns true if specified object is within camera frustum, false otherwise
 bool
 opengl_camera::visible( bounding_area const &Area ) const {
@@ -74,14 +80,19 @@ opengl_renderer::Init( GLFWwindow *Window ) {
     glPointSize( 3.0f );
     glEnable( GL_POINT_SMOOTH );
 
-    glEnable( GL_COLOR_MATERIAL );
-    glColorMaterial( GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE );
+    ::glLightModeli( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_COLOR_CONTROL, GL_SEPARATE_SPECULAR_COLOR );
+    ::glMaterialf( GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, 15.0f );
+    if( true == Global::ScaleSpecularValues ) {
+        m_specularopaquescalefactor = 0.25f;
+        m_speculartranslucentscalefactor = 1.5f;
+    }
+    ::glEnable( GL_COLOR_MATERIAL );
+    ::glColorMaterial( GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE );
 
     // setup lighting
-    GLfloat ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
-    ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambient );
-    glEnable( GL_LIGHTING );
-    glEnable( GL_LIGHT0 );
+    ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr(m_baseambient) );
+    ::glEnable( GL_LIGHTING );
+    ::glEnable( GL_LIGHT0 );
 
     Global::DayLight.id = opengl_renderer::sunlight;
     // directional light
@@ -205,9 +216,9 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( world_environment *Environment ) {
     Environment->m_stars.render();
 
     float const duskfactor = 1.0f - clamp( std::abs( Environment->m_sun.getAngle() ), 0.0f, 12.0f ) / 12.0f;
-    float3 suncolor = interpolate(
-        float3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f ),
-        float3( 235.0f / 255.0f, 140.0f / 255.0f, 36.0f / 255.0f ),
+    glm::vec3 suncolor = interpolate(
+        glm::vec3( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f ),
+        glm::vec3( 235.0f / 255.0f, 140.0f / 255.0f, 36.0f / 255.0f ),
         duskfactor );
 
     if( DebugModeFlag == true ) {
@@ -248,11 +259,10 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( world_environment *Environment ) {
     // moon
     {
         Bind( m_moontexture );
-        float3 mooncolor( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f );
+        glm::vec3 mooncolor( 255.0f / 255.0f, 242.0f / 255.0f, 231.0f / 255.0f );
         ::glColor4f( mooncolor.x, mooncolor.y, mooncolor.z, static_cast<GLfloat>( 1.0 - Global::fLuminance * 0.5 ) );
 
-        auto const moonvector = Environment->m_moon.getDirection();
-        auto const moonposition = modelview * glm::vec4( moonvector.x, moonvector.y, moonvector.z, 1.0f );
+        auto const moonposition = modelview * glm::vec4( Environment->m_moon.getDirection(), 1.0f );
         ::glPushMatrix();
         ::glLoadIdentity(); // macierz jedynkowa
         ::glTranslatef( moonposition.x, moonposition.y, moonposition.z );
@@ -553,7 +563,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TGroundNode *Node ) {
             ::glColor4fv(
                 glm::value_ptr(
                     glm::vec4(
-                        Node->Diffuse * glm::make_vec3( Global::DayLight.ambient ), // w zaleznosci od koloru swiatla
+                        Node->Diffuse * glm::vec3( Global::DayLight.ambient ), // w zaleznosci od koloru swiatla
                         1.0 ) ) ); // if the thickness is defined negative, lines are always drawn opaque
             auto const linewidth = clamp( 0.5 * linealpha + Node->fLineThickness * Node->m_radius / 1000.0, 1.0, 32.0 );
             if( linewidth > 1.0 ) {
@@ -633,6 +643,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         // change light level based on light level of the occupied track
         Global::DayLight.apply_intensity( Dynamic->fShade );
     }
+    m_renderspecular = true; // vehicles are rendered with specular component. static models without, at least for the time being
 
     // render
     if( Dynamic->mdLowPolyInt ) {
@@ -650,8 +661,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
 
             if( Dynamic->InteriorLightLevel > 0.0f ) {
                 // reset the overall ambient
-                GLfloat ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
-                ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambient );
+                ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr(m_baseambient) );
             }
         }
     }
@@ -663,6 +673,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         Render( Dynamic->mdLoad, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
 
     // post-render cleanup
+    m_renderspecular = false;
     if( Dynamic->fShade > 0.0f ) {
         // restore regular light level
         Global::DayLight.apply_intensity();
@@ -747,6 +758,9 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
             // renderowanie obiektów OpenGL
             if( Submodel->iAlpha & Submodel->iFlags & 0x1F ) // rysuj gdy element nieprzezroczysty
             {
+                if( true == Submodel->m_normalizenormals ) {
+                    ::glEnable( GL_NORMALIZE );
+                }
                 // material configuration:
                 // textures...
                 if( Submodel->TextureID < 0 )
@@ -757,7 +771,12 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
                     // również 0
                     Bind( Submodel->TextureID );
                 }
+                // ...colors...
                 ::glColor3fv( glm::value_ptr(Submodel->f4Diffuse) ); // McZapkie-240702: zamiast ub
+                if( ( true == m_renderspecular ) && ( Global::DayLight.specular.a > 0.01f ) ) {
+                    // specular strength in legacy models is set uniformly to 150, 150, 150 so we scale it down for opaque elements
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr( Submodel->f4Specular * Global::DayLight.specular.a * m_specularopaquescalefactor ) );
+                }
                 // ...luminance
                 if( Global::fLuminance < Submodel->fLight ) {
                     // zeby swiecilo na kolorowo
@@ -768,10 +787,15 @@ opengl_renderer::Render( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
                 m_geometry.draw( Submodel->m_geometry );
 
                 // post-draw reset
+                if( ( true == m_renderspecular ) && ( Global::DayLight.specular.a > 0.01f ) ) {
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr( colors::none ) );
+                }
                 if( Global::fLuminance < Submodel->fLight ) {
                     // restore default (lack of) brightness
-                    glm::vec4 const noemission( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f );
-                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, glm::value_ptr( noemission ) );
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, glm::value_ptr( colors::none ) );
+                }
+                if( true == Submodel->m_normalizenormals ) {
+                    ::glDisable( GL_NORMALIZE );
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1007,7 +1031,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TGroundNode *Node ) {
             ::glColor4fv(
                 glm::value_ptr(
                     glm::vec4(
-                        Node->Diffuse * glm::make_vec3( Global::DayLight.ambient ), // w zaleznosci od koloru swiatla
+                        Node->Diffuse * glm::vec3( Global::DayLight.ambient ), // w zaleznosci od koloru swiatla
                         std::min( 1.0, linealpha ) ) ) );
             auto const linewidth = clamp( 0.5 * linealpha + Node->fLineThickness * Node->m_radius / 1000.0, 1.0, 32.0 );
             if( linewidth > 1.0 ) {
@@ -1079,6 +1103,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         // change light level based on light level of the occupied track
         Global::DayLight.apply_intensity( Dynamic->fShade );
     }
+    m_renderspecular = true;
 
     // render
     if( Dynamic->mdLowPolyInt ) {
@@ -1096,8 +1121,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
 
             if( Dynamic->InteriorLightLevel > 0.0f ) {
                 // reset the overall ambient
-                GLfloat ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
-                ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambient );
+                ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr( m_baseambient ) );
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1109,6 +1133,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TDynamicObject *Dynamic ) {
         Render_Alpha( Dynamic->mdLoad, Dynamic->Material(), squaredistance );
 
     // post-render cleanup
+    m_renderspecular = false;
     if( Dynamic->fShade > 0.0f ) {
         // restore regular light level
         Global::DayLight.apply_intensity();
@@ -1192,6 +1217,9 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
             // renderowanie obiektów OpenGL
             if( Submodel->iAlpha & Submodel->iFlags & 0x2F ) // rysuj gdy element przezroczysty
             {
+                if( true == Submodel->m_normalizenormals ) {
+                    ::glEnable( GL_NORMALIZE );
+                }
                 // textures...
                 if( Submodel->TextureID < 0 ) { // zmienialne skóry
                     Bind( Submodel->ReplacableSkinId[ -Submodel->TextureID ] );
@@ -1200,7 +1228,11 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
                     // również 0
                     Bind( Submodel->TextureID );
                 }
+                // ...colors...
                 ::glColor3fv( glm::value_ptr(Submodel->f4Diffuse) ); // McZapkie-240702: zamiast ub
+                if( ( true == m_renderspecular ) && ( Global::DayLight.specular.a > 0.01f ) ) {
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr( Submodel->f4Specular * Global::DayLight.specular.a * m_speculartranslucentscalefactor ) );
+                }
                 // ...luminance
                 if( Global::fLuminance < Submodel->fLight ) {
                     // zeby swiecilo na kolorowo
@@ -1211,10 +1243,15 @@ opengl_renderer::Render_Alpha( TSubModel *Submodel ) {
                 m_geometry.draw( Submodel->m_geometry );
 
                 // post-draw reset
+                if( ( true == m_renderspecular ) && ( Global::DayLight.specular.a > 0.01f ) ) {
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr( colors::none ) );
+                }
                 if( Global::fLuminance < Submodel->fLight ) {
                     // restore default (lack of) brightness
-                    glm::vec4 const noemission( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f );
-                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, glm::value_ptr( noemission ) );
+                    ::glMaterialfv( GL_FRONT, GL_EMISSION, glm::value_ptr( colors::none ) );
+                }
+                if( true == Submodel->m_normalizenormals ) {
+                    ::glDisable( GL_NORMALIZE );
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1401,7 +1438,7 @@ opengl_renderer::Update_Lights( light_array const &Lights ) {
             continue;
         }
         // if the light passed tests so far, it's good enough
-        renderlight->set_position( scenelight.position - Global::pCameraPosition );
+        renderlight->set_position( glm::make_vec3( (scenelight.position - Global::pCameraPosition).readArray() ) );
         renderlight->direction = scenelight.direction;
 
         auto luminance = Global::fLuminance; // TODO: adjust this based on location, e.g. for tunnels
diff --git a/renderer.h b/renderer.h
index 43332c5b..b17c3b23 100644
--- a/renderer.h
+++ b/renderer.h
@@ -21,53 +21,44 @@ http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 struct opengl_light {
 
     GLuint id{ (GLuint)-1 };
-    Math3D::vector3 direction;
-    GLfloat position[ 4 ]; // 4th parameter specifies directional(0) or omni-directional(1) light source
-    GLfloat ambient[ 4 ];
-    GLfloat diffuse[ 4 ];
-    GLfloat specular[ 4 ];
-
-    opengl_light() {
-        position[ 0 ] = position[ 1 ] = position[ 2 ] = 0.0f; position[ 3 ] = 1.0f; // 0,0,0,1
-        ambient[ 0 ] = ambient[ 1 ] = ambient[ 2 ] = 0.0f; ambient[ 3 ] = 1.0f; // 0,0,0,1
-        diffuse[ 0 ] = diffuse[ 1 ] = diffuse[ 2 ] = diffuse[ 3 ] = 1.0f; // 1,1,1,1
-        specular[ 0 ] = specular[ 1 ] = specular[ 2 ] = specular[ 3 ] = 1.0f; // 1,1,1,1
-    }
+    glm::vec3 direction;
+    glm::vec4
+        position { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }, // 4th parameter specifies directional(0) or omni-directional(1) light source
+        ambient { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f },
+        diffuse { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
+        specular { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
 
     inline
     void apply_intensity( float const Factor = 1.0f ) {
 
         if( Factor == 1.0 ) {
 
-            glLightfv( id, GL_AMBIENT, ambient );
-            glLightfv( id, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuse );
-            glLightfv( id, GL_SPECULAR, specular );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr(ambient) );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_DIFFUSE, glm::value_ptr(diffuse) );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr(specular) );
         }
         else {
             // temporary light scaling mechanics (ultimately this work will be left to the shaders
-            float4 scaledambient( ambient[ 0 ] * Factor, ambient[ 1 ] * Factor, ambient[ 2 ] * Factor, ambient[ 3 ] );
-            float4 scaleddiffuse( diffuse[ 0 ] * Factor, diffuse[ 1 ] * Factor, diffuse[ 2 ] * Factor, diffuse[ 3 ] );
-            float4 scaledspecular( specular[ 0 ] * Factor, specular[ 1 ] * Factor, specular[ 2 ] * Factor, specular[ 3 ] );
-            glLightfv( id, GL_AMBIENT, &scaledambient.x );
-            glLightfv( id, GL_DIFFUSE, &scaleddiffuse.x );
-            glLightfv( id, GL_SPECULAR, &scaledspecular.x );
+            glm::vec4 scaledambient( ambient.r * Factor, ambient.g * Factor, ambient.b * Factor, ambient.a );
+            glm::vec4 scaleddiffuse( diffuse.r * Factor, diffuse.g * Factor, diffuse.b * Factor, diffuse.a );
+            glm::vec4 scaledspecular( specular.r * Factor, specular.g * Factor, specular.b * Factor, specular.a );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr(scaledambient) );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_DIFFUSE, glm::value_ptr(scaleddiffuse) );
+            glLightfv( id, GL_SPECULAR, glm::value_ptr(scaledspecular) );
         }
     }
     inline
     void apply_angle() {
 
-        glLightfv( id, GL_POSITION, position );
-        if( position[ 3 ] == 1.0f ) {
-            GLfloat directionarray[] = { (GLfloat)direction.x, (GLfloat)direction.y, (GLfloat)direction.z };
-            glLightfv( id, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, directionarray );
+        glLightfv( id, GL_POSITION, glm::value_ptr(position) );
+        if( position.w == 1.0f ) {
+            glLightfv( id, GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, glm::value_ptr(direction) );
         }
     }
     inline
-    void set_position( Math3D::vector3 const &Position ) {
+    void set_position( glm::vec3 const &Position ) {
 
-        position[ 0 ] = Position.x;
-        position[ 1 ] = Position.y;
-        position[ 2 ] = Position.z;
+        position = glm::vec4( Position, position.w );
     }
 };
 
@@ -229,6 +220,10 @@ private:
     geometry_handle m_billboardgeometry { 0, 0 };
     GLUquadricObj *m_quadric; // helper object for drawing debug mode scene elements
     std::vector<distancesubcell_pair> m_drawqueue; // list of subcells to be drawn in current render pass
+    glm::vec4 m_baseambient { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
+    bool m_renderspecular{ false }; // controls whether to include specular component in the calculations
+    float m_specularopaquescalefactor { 1.0f };
+    float m_speculartranslucentscalefactor { 1.0f };
 
 };
 
diff --git a/sky.cpp b/sky.cpp
index 61aa81d1..284825ab 100644
--- a/sky.cpp
+++ b/sky.cpp
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ void TSky::Init()
         mdCloud = TModelsManager::GetModel( Global::asSky );
 };
 
-void TSky::Render( float3 const &Tint )
+void TSky::Render( glm::vec3 const &Tint )
 {
     if (mdCloud)
     { // jeśli jest model nieba
         // setup
         ::glEnable( GL_LIGHTING );
         GfxRenderer.Disable_Lights();
-        ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, &Tint.x );
+        ::glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, glm::value_ptr(Tint) );
         // render
         GfxRenderer.Render( mdCloud, nullptr, 100.0 );
         GfxRenderer.Render_Alpha( mdCloud, nullptr, 100.0 );
diff --git a/sky.h b/sky.h
index 1117957a..ebee49a2 100644
--- a/sky.h
+++ b/sky.h
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 #pragma once
 
 #include "Model3d.h"
-#include "Float3d.h"
 
 class TSky
 {
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ class TSky
     TSky();
     ~TSky();
     void Init();
-    void Render( float3 const &Tint = float3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f) );
+    void Render( glm::vec3 const &Tint = glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f) );
 };
 
 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/skydome.cpp b/skydome.cpp
index 27074616..7d136971 100644
--- a/skydome.cpp
+++ b/skydome.cpp
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ void CSkyDome::Generate() {
 //            m_normals.emplace_back( float3( x * zr, -y * zr, -z ) );
 */
             // cartesian to opengl swap: -x, -z, -y
-            m_vertices.emplace_back( float3( -x * zr, -z - offset, -y * zr ) * radius );
-            m_colours.emplace_back( float3( 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.75f ) ); // placeholder
+            m_vertices.emplace_back( glm::vec3( -x * zr, -z - offset, -y * zr ) * radius );
+            m_colours.emplace_back( glm::vec3( 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.75f ) ); // placeholder
 
             if( (i == 0) || (j == 0) ) {
                 // initial edge of the dome, don't start indices yet
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ void CSkyDome::Generate() {
     }
 }
 
-void CSkyDome::Update( Math3D::vector3 const &Sun ) {
+void CSkyDome::Update( glm::vec3 const &Sun ) {
 
     if( true == SetSunPosition( Sun ) ) {
         // build colors if there's a change in sun position
@@ -150,15 +150,14 @@ void CSkyDome::Render() {
     ::glDisableClientState( GL_VERTEX_ARRAY );
 }
 
-bool CSkyDome::SetSunPosition( Math3D::vector3 const &Direction ) {
+bool CSkyDome::SetSunPosition( glm::vec3 const &Direction ) {
 
-    auto sundirection = SafeNormalize( float3( Direction.x, Direction.y, Direction.z) );
-    if( sundirection == m_sundirection ) {
+    if( Direction == m_sundirection ) {
 
         return false;
     }
 
-    m_sundirection = sundirection;
+    m_sundirection = Direction;
 	m_thetasun = std::acosf( m_sundirection.y );
 	m_phisun = std::atan2( m_sundirection.z, m_sundirection.x );
 
@@ -244,18 +243,18 @@ void CSkyDome::RebuildColors() {
 	zenithluminance = PerezFunctionO1( perezluminance, m_thetasun, zenithluminance );
 
     // start with fresh average for the new pass
-    float3 averagecolor{ 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
+    glm::vec3 averagecolor { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
 
 	// trough all vertices
-	float3 vertex;
-	float3 color, colorconverter, shiftedcolor;
+	glm::vec3 vertex;
+	glm::vec3 color, colorconverter, shiftedcolor;
 
 	for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < m_vertices.size(); ++i ) {
 		// grab it
-		vertex = SafeNormalize( m_vertices[ i ] );
+		vertex = glm::normalize( m_vertices[ i ] );
 
 		// angle between sun and vertex
-		const float gamma = std::acos( DotProduct( vertex, m_sundirection ) );
+		const float gamma = std::acos( glm::dot( vertex, m_sundirection ) );
 
 		// warning : major hack!!! .. i had to do something with values under horizon
 		//vertex.y = Clamp<float>( vertex.y, 0.05f, 1.0f );
@@ -283,7 +282,7 @@ void CSkyDome::RebuildColors() {
 		float const X = (x / y) * Y;  
 		float const Z = ((1.0f - x - y) / y) * Y;
 		
-		colorconverter = float3( X, Y, Z );
+		colorconverter = glm::vec3( X, Y, Z );
 		color = XYZtoRGB( colorconverter );
 
 		colorconverter = RGBtoHSV(color);
@@ -292,7 +291,7 @@ void CSkyDome::RebuildColors() {
 			colorconverter.z *= m_expfactor;
 		} else {
             // exp scale
-			colorconverter.z = 1.0f - exp( -m_expfactor * colorconverter.z );  
+			colorconverter.z = 1.0f - std::exp( -m_expfactor * colorconverter.z );  
 		}
 
         // desaturate sky colour, based on overcast level
@@ -309,12 +308,12 @@ void CSkyDome::RebuildColors() {
         // this height-based factor is reduced the farther the sky is up in the sky
         float const shiftfactor = clamp( interpolate(heightbasedphase, sunbasedphase, sunbasedphase), 0.0f, 1.0f );
         // h = 210 makes for 'typical' sky tone
-        shiftedcolor = float3( 210.0f, colorconverter.y, colorconverter.z );
+        shiftedcolor = glm::vec3( 210.0f, colorconverter.y, colorconverter.z );
         shiftedcolor = HSVtoRGB( shiftedcolor );
 
 		color = HSVtoRGB(colorconverter);
 
-        color = Interpolate( color, shiftedcolor, shiftfactor );
+        color = interpolate( color, shiftedcolor, shiftfactor );
 /*
 		// gamma control
 		color.x = std::pow( color.x, m_gammacorrection );
@@ -338,10 +337,10 @@ void CSkyDome::RebuildColors() {
 	}
     // NOTE: average reduced to 25% makes nice tint value for clouds lit from behind
     // down the road we could interpolate between it and full strength average, to improve accuracy of cloud appearance
-    m_averagecolour = averagecolor / m_indices.size();
-    m_averagecolour.x = std::max( m_averagecolour.x, 0.0f );
-    m_averagecolour.y = std::max( m_averagecolour.y, 0.0f );
-    m_averagecolour.z = std::max( m_averagecolour.z, 0.0f );
+    m_averagecolour = averagecolor / static_cast<float>( m_indices.size() );
+    m_averagecolour.r = std::max( m_averagecolour.r, 0.0f );
+    m_averagecolour.g = std::max( m_averagecolour.g, 0.0f );
+    m_averagecolour.b = std::max( m_averagecolour.b, 0.0f );
 
     if( m_coloursbuffer != -1 ) {
         // the colour buffer was already initialized, so on this run we update its content
diff --git a/skydome.h b/skydome.h
index ba625975..e515bc3e 100644
--- a/skydome.h
+++ b/skydome.h
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 #pragma	once
 
-#include "dumb3d.h"
-#include "float3d.h"
-
 // sky gradient based on "A practical analytic model for daylight" 
 // by A. J. Preetham Peter Shirley Brian Smits (University of Utah)
 
@@ -13,7 +10,7 @@ public:
 	void Generate();
 	void RebuildColors();
 
-	bool SetSunPosition( Math3D::vector3 const &Direction );
+	bool SetSunPosition( glm::vec3 const &Direction );
 	
 	void SetTurbidity( const float Turbidity = 5.0f );
 	void SetExposure( const bool Linearexposure, const float Expfactor );		
@@ -21,30 +18,30 @@ public:
 	void SetGammaCorrection( const float Gamma = 2.2f );
 
 	// update skydome
-    void Update( Math3D::vector3 const &Sun );
+    void Update( glm::vec3 const &Sun );
 	// render skydome to screen
 	void Render();
 
     // retrieves average colour of the sky dome
-    float3 GetAverageColor() { return m_averagecolour; }
+    glm::vec3 GetAverageColor() { return m_averagecolour; }
 
 private:
 	// shading parametrs
-    float3 m_sundirection;
+    glm::vec3 m_sundirection;
     float m_thetasun, m_phisun;
     float m_turbidity;
     bool m_linearexpcontrol;
     float m_expfactor;
     float m_overcast;
     float m_gammacorrection;
-    float3 m_averagecolour;
+    glm::vec3 m_averagecolour;
 
 	// data
     int const m_tesselation;
-    std::vector<float3> m_vertices;
+    std::vector<glm::vec3> m_vertices;
     std::vector<std::uint16_t> m_indices;
 //    std::vector<float3> m_normals;
-    std::vector<float3> m_colours;
+    std::vector<glm::vec3> m_colours;
     GLuint m_vertexbuffer{ (GLuint)-1 };
     GLuint m_indexbuffer{ (GLuint)-1 };
     GLuint m_coloursbuffer{ (GLuint)-1 };
diff --git a/sun.cpp b/sun.cpp
index d27e3619..55db2f00 100644
--- a/sun.cpp
+++ b/sun.cpp
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ void
 cSun::update() {
 
     move();
-    Math3D::vector3 position( 0.0f, 0.0f, -2000.0f * Global::fDistanceFactor );
-    position.RotateX( (float)(  m_body.elevref * ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
-    position.RotateY( (float)( -m_body.hrang *   ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
+    glm::vec3 position( 0.0f, 0.0f, -2000.0f * Global::fDistanceFactor );
+    position = glm::rotateX( position, (float)(  m_body.elevref * ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
+    position = glm::rotateY( position, (float)( -m_body.hrang *   ( M_PI / 180.0 ) ) );
 
     m_position = position;
 }
@@ -63,14 +63,10 @@ cSun::render() {
 	glPopMatrix();
 }
 
-Math3D::vector3
+glm::vec3
 cSun::getDirection() {
 
-	Math3D::vector3 position( 0.f, 0.f, -1.f );
-	position.RotateX( (float)(  m_body.elevref * (M_PI/180.0)) );
-	position.RotateY( (float)( -m_body.hrang *   (M_PI/180.0)) );
-	position.Normalize();
-	return position;
+	return glm::normalize( m_position );
 }
 
 float
diff --git a/sun.h b/sun.h
index aa659a21..4ab54d10 100644
--- a/sun.h
+++ b/sun.h
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "windows.h"
 #include "GL/glew.h"
 #include "GL/wglew.h"
-#include "dumb3d.h"
 
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -20,9 +19,9 @@ public:
     void update();
 	void render();
     // returns location of the sun in the 3d scene
-    Math3D::vector3 getPosition() { return m_position; }
+    glm::vec3 getPosition() { return m_position; }
 	// returns vector pointing at the sun
-	Math3D::vector3 getDirection();
+	glm::vec3 getDirection();
 	// returns current elevation above horizon
 	float getAngle();
 	// returns current intensity of the sun
@@ -98,5 +97,5 @@ protected:
 
     celestialbody m_body;
     observer m_observer;
-    Math3D::vector3 m_position;
+    glm::vec3 m_position;
 };
diff --git a/version.h b/version.h
index 9031f529..063844fb 100644
--- a/version.h
+++ b/version.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #define VERSION_MAJOR 17
-#define VERSION_MINOR 626
+#define VERSION_MINOR 628
 #define VERSION_REVISION 0